filter p xs = [ x | x <- xs, p x]
>>> filter odd [1, 2, 3] [1,3]
>>> filter (\l -> length l > 3) ["Hello", ", ", "World", "!"] ["Hello","World"]
>>> filter (/= 3) [1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 2, 1] [1,2,4,2,1]
>>> takeWhile (const False) undefined *** Exception: Prelude.undefined
>>> takeWhile (const False) (undefined : undefined) []
>>> take 1 (takeWhile (const True) (1 : undefined)) [1]
>>> takeWhile (< 3) [1,2,3,4,1,2,3,4] [1,2]
>>> takeWhile (< 9) [1,2,3] [1,2,3]
>>> takeWhile (< 0) [1,2,3] []